inch [ɪntʃ] n. 英寸
incident [ˈɪnsɪdənt] n. 事件;小插曲
【真句】I often read of incident s of misunderstanding or conflict.【2012福建完形】我经常看到误解和冲突事件。
【真句】I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon.【2014湖北阅读】我清楚记得发生在周日下午的一个小插曲。
include [ɪnˈkluːd] v. 包括，包含
【真句】These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.【2020全国1】其中包括在叶子上印上传感器以显示何时缺水的植物，以及可以检测地下水中有害化学物质的植物。
【真句】Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information.【2013全国二阅读】帮助你的妈妈组织所有的医疗记录，包括测试结果和医疗信息。
用法:include sth in/on sth 把……算入
【真句】The cost of personal advice is included in your medical insurance.【2014天津阅读】私人建议的费用算入医疗保险。
近义词：contain v. 包含
income [ˈɪnkʌm] n. 收入
【真句】The incomes of skilled workers went up. Meanwhile, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.【2014浙江】熟练工人的收入增加了;与此同时不熟练的工人的收入下降了。
incorrect [ɪnkəˈrekt] adj. 不正确的，错误的
There couldn’t be anything that’s more incorrect.【2012江苏阅读】没有比这更错误的事情了。
increase [ɪnˈkriːs] v. n. 增加
【真句】Red can cause a person’s blood pressure to rise and increase people’s appetites.【2012安徽阅读】红色可以引起血压上升并且增加人们的食欲。
拓展: 增加：rise, raise
减少：decrease, reduce, drop, decline, fall
increasingly [ɪnˈkri:sɪŋli] adv. 不断增加地，越来越……
【真句】The Program has become increasingly popular with college students in the United States.【2015天津阅读】该项目在美国的大学生中变得越来越流行。
(注意在写作时可以用increasingly adj 代替more and more adj)
indeed [ɪnˈdiːd] adv. 的确，确实
Indeed, I was no different from others.【2015重庆阅读】的确，我与他人没有什么不一样。
易混词：deed n. 行为
Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.【2012广东阅读】持续做好事给我们带来平和的心态，这对于幸福是很重要的。
indicate [‘ɪndɪkeɪt] v. 表明;示意;指出
Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections.【2014北京阅读】她的研究表明更高的天花板可以激发人们更加自由去思考，这会让他们做出更加抽象的联系。
The way we hold our heads can indicate to others whether we are happy or sad.【2015江西阅读】我们抬头的方式可以向别人示意我们是否开心。
Research findings indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.【2015 重庆阅读】研究结果表明：为大艺术家的作品与伟大科学家的发现是同样永恒的成就。
indicate的名词形式：indication [ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn] 表明, 迹象
This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say.【2014江西阅读】提供个人细节的要求清楚表明：作家要对他们所说的负责任。
industry [ˈɪndəstrɪ] n. 工业;行业，产业
In the 1960s Leeds was the heart of the British fashion industry.【2015湖北阅读】在20世纪利兹是英国时尚产业的中心。
We, as well as animal, cannot live without water and neither agriculture nor industry can go without it.【2012全国二改错】人和动物没有水就无法生存;同样，农业和工业也不能没有水。
industry的形容词形式：industrial [ɪnˈdʌstriəl] adj. 工业的;行业的，产业的
Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.【2013北京阅读】很快，许多工业国家会变成城市社会。
infer [ɪnˈfɜ:] v. 推断
What can we infer from the text?【2015陕西阅读】我们从文章中可以推断出什么?
infer的名词形式：inference [ˈɪnfərəns]推断
用法：make/draw inferences from/about sth 从……当中推断出……
In many instances we also draw inference s about who we are by observing our own behavior.【2014重庆阅读】在很多情况中我们通过观察自己的行为来推断我们是谁。
influence [ˈɪnflʊəns] n. v. 影响
Pop music is such an important part of society that it has even influenced our language.【2012上海】
用法 流行音乐是社会中如此重要一部分以至于它影响了我们的语言。
同义词： affect v. 影响;impact n. 影响;effect n. 影响
用法: have a(n) adj influence/impact/effect on … 对……有……影响
However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.【2015福建阅读】然而电视对数十亿人口有积极的影响。
under sb’s influence= under the influence of sb/sth在……的影响下
Under the influence of this contest, now most classes in our school have formed their own English clubs. 【2015湖南写作】在考试的影响下现在大多数班级都形成了他们自己的俱乐部。
inform [ɪnˈfɔːm] v. (正式)通知告知;
用法：infrom sb of/ about sth 通知某人某事
Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?【2015福建】我应该立刻告诉他计划改变了吗?
inform sb (that) 告知某人……
Just now, my cousin informed me that he would return this Saturday morning and asked me to pick him up at the airport with his family.【2015山东写作】刚才我的堂兄告诉我他本周六早晨会回来，并让我去机场接他和他的家人。
inform的形容词形式：informed
informed [ɪnˈfɔ:md] adj. 消息灵通的，见多识广的;
Although Rio knew little about marketing, he succeeded where other more well- informed managers failed. 【2013全国一】尽管Rio对市场一无所知但是他却成功了，而那些见多识广的经理却失败了。
用法：informed decision/choice 有根据的决定/选择
Instead, the aim is to permit us to make informed choices as to how we use our time.【2013江苏阅读】
information [ɪnfəˈmeɪʃn] n. 信息(不可数名词)
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? 【2015安徽阅读】随着互联网用户越来越依靠互联网存储信息，我们人类记得更少了吗?
initial [ɪˈnɪʃəl] adj. 开始的，最初的
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer.【2015湖北阅读】Leo一开始上学是为了成为一名工程师。
injure [ˈɪndʒə] v. 使受伤，弄伤，伤害
注意(injure可以表示对某人身体上和情感上的伤害)
The elephant destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people.【2015上海阅读】大象毁坏了12座房子并且使几人受伤了。
injure的名词形式：injury
injure的形容词形式：injured
injury [ˈɪndʒərɪ] n.(身体或情感上的)伤害
Pain is your body telling you something’s wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. 【2014重庆阅读】疼痛是身体在告诉你身体某个地方出错了，继续锻炼会导致严重的伤害。
injured [ˈɪndʒəd] adj. 受伤的
The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin was swimming.【2015湖北完形】那个年轻的女人进入了受伤海豚正在游泳的泳池。
ink [ɪŋk] n. 墨水
inland [ˈɪnlənd] adj. 内陆的，内地的
inn [ɪn] n. 小旅店，小饭店
insect [ˈɪnsekt] n. 昆虫
insert [ɪnˈsɜːt] vt. 插入
innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] adj. 无罪的;无辜的;天真的
There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, is there?【2012江苏】毫无疑问在你的脑海里他是无罪的，不是吗?
What McCormick had done caused innocent people to commit crimes.【2013四川阅读】McCormick所做的会引起无辜的人犯罪。
His father is as innocent as a little boy.【2014天津阅读】他的爸爸和小男孩一样天真。
insist [ɪnˈsɪst] v. 坚持认为;坚持要求
If your child is unwilling to discuss something, don’t insist he tell you what’s on his mind.【2014全国一阅读】如果你的孩子不愿意讨论某事的时候不要坚持要求他告诉你他脑子里想着什么。
Frank insisted that he was not asleep although I had great difficulty in waking him up.【2015四川】尽管我很难晃醒他，但是弗兰克坚持认为他没有睡着。
用法：insist on doing sth 坚持做某事
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.【2014山东阅读】唯一奇怪的事情是很多州对此信息充耳不闻。
注意：当insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句的谓语动词结构为“should 动词原形”;当其译为“坚持认为”时，其后宾语从句的谓语动词不用“should 动词原形”
inspect [ɪnˈspekt] v. 检查;视察
They should have all their carried items inspected at the entrance.【2013江苏阅读】他们本应该将所带物品在出口处被检查。
In April, 2014, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, marking the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.【2014福建】在2014年4月胡锦涛主席视察了青岛的战舰，这标志海军成立60周年。
inspect的两个名词形式：inspection [ɪnˈspekʃn] 检查;inspector [ɪnˈspektə] 检察员;检票员
Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry.【2013江苏阅读】游客在入口处必须将所带的东西送交检查。
Before long, a train inspector comes to check out tickets.【2014浙江阅读】不久之后，火车检票员来查票。
近义词：examine v. 检查; check v. 检查
inspire [ɪnˈspaɪə] v. 激发，鼓舞;激起，唤起;给某人灵感
The tradition inspires people every day to follow their dreams.【2012北京完形】该传统激发人们每天去追逐他们的梦想。
Tens of thousands of theatre tickets will be given away to young people next year as part of a government campaign to inspire a lifelong love for theatre.【2014天津阅读】数千张剧院的门票明年将赠送给年青人作为激发他们对戏剧的热爱的政府活动的一部分。
His creation was inspired by an experience.【2013山东阅读】他的创作收到他的一个经历的启发。
inspire的两个形容词形式：inspired, inspiring
inspire的名词形式：inspiration
inspiring [ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ] adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors.【2012山东阅读】知道小城镇的人们甚至可以赢得国家级荣誉真是鼓舞人心。
inspired [ɪnˈspaɪəd] adj. 受鼓舞的;受启发的
Inspired by this, I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it.【2015北京阅读】受到它的鼓舞，我决定实现我的梦想。
inspiration [ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn] n.鼓舞;灵感
With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a turn for the better.【2013江苏阅读】收到其他文化的鼓舞，美国食物文化变好了。
instant [ˈɪnstnt] n. 片刻; adj. 立刻的;即食的
This site gives you instant access to a wide range of information on studying and living in the UK.【2013广东阅读】这个网站可以让你立刻获得很多关于在英国的学习和生活的信息。
He mixed a spoonful of instant chocolate into a glass of cold water.【2006天津阅读】他将一勺速溶咖啡放入一杯冷水中搅拌。
短语：the instant 一……就……
The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.【2015天津回答问题】他一见到Cuddles它就知道他做出了正确的选择。
instead [ɪnˈsted] adv. 相反
Later-borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters.【2012湖北阅读】后出生的孩子不喜欢和父母说太多的话，相反，他们会从哥哥姐姐那里获得很多东西。
instead of 代替，而不是
Instead of going to London, James decides to find his birth mother.【2012江西阅读】詹姆斯决定去找他的生母而不是去伦敦。
institute [ˈɪnstɪtjuːt] n. 研究所, 研究院，学院
It was named after a famous institute.【2014江苏阅读】它是根据一说著名学院的名字命名的。
institution [ɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn] n. 机构;
The garden city contains not merely farms but also some industrial institutions.【2015江西阅读】这个花园城市不仅包括农场，还包括一些工业机构。
instruct [ɪnˈstrʌkt] v.指导;命令，指示
用法：instruct n to do指导/命令n做某事
When we reached 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane.【2015北京阅读】当我们到达13000尺的时候，简指导我跳伞
A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.【2012重庆】电脑只能做你命令它做的事情。
instruct的名词形式：instruction
instruct的形容词形式：instructive
instructive [ɪnˈstrʌktɪv] adj. 有启发性的，有指导性的
It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.【2015湖南】这是我来到这所学校以来参加的最有启发性的讲座。
instruction [ɪnˈstrʌkʃn] 指导;命令，指示;说明(书)，操作指南(必须用复数)
After some of the causes of their poor reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading.【2012全国二阅读】在阅读能力弱的原因被发现之后，他们在阅读上被给予了训练和指导。
You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more.【2012江西阅读】你不再像一个遵守命令的小孩子了
Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.【2013湖南写作】根据下面所给的说明写一篇英语作文。
instrument [ˈɪnstrʊmənt] n. 乐器;工具
Other kinds of Irish music use many different instrument s such as the violin, whistles, etc.【2015安徽阅读】其他种类的爱尔兰音乐使用像小提琴和哨子之类的许多不同的乐器。
Before modern banking and credit instruments, people saved money at home.【2014浙江阅读】在现代银行以及信用工具诞生之前，人们在家里存钱。
insurance [ɪnˈʃʊərəns] n. 保险
Their insurance company refused to pay for the cost of the treatment.【2012福建阅读】保险公司拒绝支付治疗费用。
insurance的名词形式：insure给……保险
My Beetle Convertible is insured with INC insurance company.【2013广东阅读】INC保险公司给我的Beetle Convertible上了保险。
intelligence [ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns] n.智力
We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.【2015全国二阅读】我们都知道大象是很聪明的，但是现在我们可以用更好的方式谈论智力。
intelligence的形容词形式：intelligent [ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt] 聪明的
intend [ɪnˈtend] v. 想要，打算
用法: intend to do sth 想要/打算做某事
The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.【2015上海】你通过语言想要传递的信息也许与别人实际上理解的恰恰相反。
be intended to do sth/ be intended for sth为……提供/设计的
The new traffic law is mainly intended to lower the rate of traffic accidents and injuries.【2014福建阅读】
人们主要想要新的交通法来降低交通事故和伤亡的比率。
Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers.【2015重庆阅读】Green Maps不是特别为旅行者提供的
intend的名词形式：intention
intend的形容词形式：intended
intention [ɪnˈtenʃn] n. 目的，意图
His efforts to raise money for his program were in vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.【2014湖北】他筹钱的努力付之东流了，因为没有人愿意掏哪怕一分钱。
intended [ɪnˈtendɪd](做定语)预期的
Who are the intended readers of the passage?【2013广东阅读】这篇文章的预期读者是谁?
interest [ˈɪntrəst] n. 兴趣;利息;利益，好处(此时通常用复数)v. 使感兴趣
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship.【2012辽宁阅读】
选择有共同兴趣的朋友在建立友谊方面是非常重要的。
Students are forced to think beyond their own interests and become aware of the needs of others.【2014江苏完形】学生们被迫超越自己的利益去考虑并且知道他人的需要。
Left in a bank the money will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate.【2012广东阅读】不管利率多高，留在银行里面的钱都无法保值
You’ll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects.【2014四川阅读】通过参加不同科目的课程，你可以发现什么让你感兴趣。
interest的两个形容词形式：interesting adj. 令人感兴趣的;interested adj. 感兴趣的
international [ɪntəˈnæʃənl] adj. 国际的
It has wide international fame.【2015湖北阅读】它具有国际名声。
internet [ˈɪntənet] n. 互联网
interpret [ɪntɜːˈprɪt] v. 解释;口译
There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.【2015上海】
有一个明显的证据：最难解释的感觉便是身体上的疼痛。
同义词：explain v. 解释
interpret的两个名词形式：interpretation解释;interpreter [ɪnˈtɜːprɪtə(r)]口译员
interpretation [ɪnˌtɜ:prɪˈteɪʃn]n. 解释
The interpretations were playful, but serious.【2012江苏阅读】那些解释有趣且不失严肃。
interrupt [ɪntəˈrʌpt] v. 打扰，打断;中断
It interrupted the business of the hotel.【2015湖南阅读】它中断了宾馆的生意。
He is probably interrupted by another task.【2015浙江阅读】他可能被另一个任务打扰了。
interrupt的名词形式：interruption [ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃn] n. 打扰，打断;中断
interval[ˈɪntəvl] n. 间歇，间隔
Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, when the audience can buy ice-cream.【2015江苏】两场音乐会之间有一个间隔，在这间隔期间顾客可以买冰激凌。
interview [ˈɪntəvjuː] n. v 采访;面试
My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic about my future and about what I can do here. 【2014安徽】我在工作面试中的良好表现让我对未来以及我所能做的很乐观。
Here is one interview which explores the fundamental questions in life.【2015重庆阅读】这是一个关于探索生活根本问题的一个采访。
拓展：interviewer [ˈɪntəvju:ə] n. 采访者;面试官 interviewee [ˌɪntəvju:ˈi:] n. 被采访者;参加面试者
The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window.【2013山东阅读】
面试官坐在一个面朝办公室窗户的一个椅子上。
introduce [ɪntrəˈdjuːs] v. 介绍;实施;引入
The author introduced the riding experience in the OKavango Delta.【2015重庆阅读】作者介绍了他在OKavango Delta的骑行经历。
Daylight Saving was first introduced during World War I in Australia.【2012全国一阅读】Daylight Saving首次在一战中的澳大利亚被实施。
Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.【2014全国一阅读】确切何时土豆被引入欧洲是不确定的，但是大约实在1565年左右
用法：
introduce sb/sth to … 把某人/某物介绍给……
When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say for me?【2015福建】当你向Johnson先生介绍我的时候，你能为我说点什么吗?
introduce sb to sth 使某人初次接触……
Because we want to introduce you to what hundreds of thousands of smart collectors have known since 1984 【2013福建阅读】因为我们想让你接触数十万计的明智收藏者从1984年就熟知的东西。
introduce的名词形式：n. introduction [ɪntrəˈdʌkʃ(ə)n] 介绍;实施;引入
invent [ɪnˈvent] vt. 发明
Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile.【2015辽宁阅读】许多人认为亨利福特发明了汽车。
invent的名词形式：invention [ɪnˈvenʃn] n. 发明
invite [ɪnˈvaɪt] vt. 邀请
用法：invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
He began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day off.【2015天津完形】在他休息的时候他邀请一群孩子去钓鱼。
invite的名词形式：invitation [ɪnvɪˈteɪʃn] 邀请; 请帖
involve [ɪnˈvɒlv] v. 包含，需要;涉及;(邀请或允许某人)参加
A study involving 8,500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money.【2013上海阅读】一个包含个社会背景的8500个青少年的研究发现：在钱方面他们是无知的。
China and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various ways.【2015江苏阅读】中国和相关涉及的国家将以不同的形式从这个项目受益。
用法：involve sb in (doing) sth 让某人参加……
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth. 【2014福建】学生们应该多参加可以获得成长经验的社区活动。
be/get involved in 卷入;参加
Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program.【2012江西阅读】Sarah想参加这个项目。
If you are involved in an accident, remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.【2012天津阅读】如果你卷入了一项事故，呆在现场直到警官让你离开。
involve的名词形式：involvement
